Experimental principle: It can detect the abrasion and pilling performance of various fabrics. Under a certain pressure, the sample and the specified abrasive are continuously rubbed against each other in a certain geometric pattern, and the abrasion and pilling degree are evaluated by comparing with the standard parameters. Touch screen control, equipped with a full-featured programmer, can pre-program batch and total counts, set the count of each test head separately; multiple speeds including standard speed can be selected.

Experimental sample preparation:

1. Use a sampler to cut three specimens with a diameter of 38 mm from the sample.

2. Before testing, the specimens should be placed in an environment of 21±1℃ and 65±2% and humidified according to D1776.

ASTM D4970 Martindale Abrasion Tester Experimental steps:

1. All test processes are completed under standard atmosphere.

2. Place a piece of 140mm diameter felt and 140mm standard friction cloth on each grinding table in turn, use a heavy hammer to flatten the friction cloth and felt (make sure there are no wrinkles, if it is not flat, repeat the above process), and fix the ring. (Fix the abrasive so that the warp and weft yarns of the woven fabric are parallel to the frame of the machine).

3. Clamp the sample with the sample clamp and make it face down. If the sample is lighter than 500g/m2, place 38mm polyurethane foam between the sample and the sample clamp. If the sample is heavier than 500g/m2, there is no need to place foam.

4. Place the sample clamp on the grinding table and apply the required pressure. For wearing fabrics, a pressure of 9±0.2kpa should be applied, and for decorative fabrics, a pressure of 12±0.3kpa should be applied.

5. The counter needs to be adjusted to zero, preset the appropriate number of times, and start the machine.

6. After the instrument stops, take out the sample to observe and evaluate its progress, estimate the number of times required to continue the experiment, and when approaching the end of the experiment, reduce the number of frictions between two inspections. It is necessary to carefully remove the hair particles produced by the sample during the test.

7. Experiment termination conditions:

1) Woven fabrics are worn until two or more yarns are broken, and knitted fabrics are worn until a hole is broken.

2) The experiment can be considered terminated when the color of the sample is worn away or its appearance is deformed, which will cause consumer complaints.

3) The experiment is terminated when the degree of color fading can be compared with the AATCC gray scale for color change to level 3.

4) It is determined by the percentage of mass loss before and after the sample is rubbed.

8. Record the number of frictions at the end of the experiment.

Experimental report:

1. Reference standard, instrument model, experimental method and pressure used

2. Record the content according to the selected experimental termination conditions.

3. The average number of frictions when two or more yarns are broken in woven fabrics and one hole is worn in knitted fabrics.

4. Record the average number of frictions when the color of the sample fades to gray card level 3.

5. If any other method is used to evaluate the impact of friction, the method used should be described.

6. Record the mass of the sample before and after the experiment to calculate the mass loss or use the following formula to calculate the mass loss percentage: ((A-B)/A)*100

A=mass before friction

B=mass after friction

ASTM D4970 Martindale Abrasion Tester:

Martindale Abrasion and Pilling Tester AG04

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